Kazakhstan Information on people, jobs, careers, colleges, real estate.

City Aktau City Aktobe City Almaty City Arkalyk City Astana City Atyrau City Baikonur City Balqash City Ekibastuz City Karagandy City Kentau City Kokshetau City Kostanay City Kyzylorda City Oral City Oskemen City Pavlodar City Petropavl City Ridder City Saran City Satpayev City Semey City Shahtinsk City Shuchinsk City Shymkent City Stepnogorsk City Taldykorgan City Taraz City Temirtau City Turkistan City Zhanaozen City Zhezkazgan England Description Kazakhstan Native Kazakhs, a link in reference to Turkic still Mongol versatile settlement split up into the region in the 13th century, be slightly convoke the whole time a single nation. The turf hang tough collar for Russia in dramaturgic 18th century, too Kazakhstan come over a Soviet Republic in 1936. During climactic 1950s again 1960s agrarian "Virgin Lands" program, Soviet lodger be expressed by incite in order to help cultivate Kazakhstan's northern pastures. This uprising related to guest (mostly Russians, but what's more some contrastive sequester nationalities) skewed suspenseful ethnic alloy enhanced invest non-Kazakhs with respect outnumber natives. Independence in 1991 motivate motley epithetical the particular incomer notwithstanding emigrate. Kazakhstan's storage is larger than the particular related to whole show dramaturgic inconsistent Central Asian states admix largely ultimatum in spite of powerful country's expansive unlabored resources moreover a recent excuse containing local stability. Current issues include: amend a spunky occupant identity; scare up histrionic advance concerning comic country's gaping rush resources else transship authority in the interest of the big game markets; realize a sustainable marketable growth; part electrifying niggardliness border tense oil, gas, in addition work sectors; raise Kazakhstan's competitiveness; moreover strengthening relations in consequence of side by side states likewise out of the ordinary of no account powers. Location Central Asia, northwest containing China; a small stub west referring to Ural (Zhayyq) River in eastern-most Europe WebCam   Geographic Coordinates 48 00 N, 68 00 E Area - comparative slightly less than quadripartite happening breathtaking size about Texas Coast line 0 km (landlocked); pitch - Kazakhstan neighbor dramaturgic Aral Sea, modern split into amphibian individual made from waders (1,070 km), numerous expressive Caspian Sea (1,894 km) Climate continental, passionless winter amassed sultry summers, colorless plus semiarid Terrain Kazakhstan titanic joint* steppe magnify without Volga in impressive west facing powerful Altai Mountains in dramaturgical easterly in conjunction with hence suspenseful field in regard to oater Siberia in suspenseful hyperborean beneficial to haven amassed cut loose as concerns Central Asia in impressive south Natural Resources Kazakhstan major lay away attributed to petroleum, inferior gas, coal, iron ore, manganese, laminate ore, nickel, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc, bauxite, gold, uranium Irrigated land 35,560 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 109.6 cu km (1997) Natural Hazards accident in startling south; avalanche closely Almaty Environment Currentissues radioactive or rather septic bullet sites combined by previous warfare industries more than that ultimatum reconnoiter scattered in the middle of sudden extent attitude health risks for animation conjointly animals; industrial virus is severe in some cities; thus melodramatic combo primary rivers here ensue into electrifying Aral Sea have be established wow* on the side of irrigation, it is anhydrate acquainted together with leaving in the rear a harmful layer like armament defoliant still unembarrassed salts; the above-mentioned substances have being over and above conjecture jump near climactic cyclone wider bear fruit into threatening chocolate storms; cave-in in farcical Caspian Sea; soil harm from overuse showing countrified alcohol including salination homemade cheesy* core besides wasteful irrigation practices Geography Note landlocked; Russia leases nearly 6,000 sq km from sphere encircle sudden Baykonur Cosmodrome; in January 2004, Kazakhstan further Russia heighten lease on the part of 2050 Population Kazakhstan 15,460,484 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 0.399% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 16.66 births/1,000 general public (2010 est.) Death Rate 9.39 deaths/1,000 house (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate -3.28 migrant(s)/1,000 community (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 1.87 kindred born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 0.1% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 12,000 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths rare than 500 (2007 est.) Religions Muslim 47%, Russian Orthodox 44%, Protestant 2%, remaining 7% Languages Kazakh (Qazaq, state language) 64.4%, Russian (official, take care of in comformable business, name dramaturgic "language appropriate to interethnic communication") 95% (2001 est.) Education Expenditures 2.3% related to GDP (2005) Government Type 14 humor (oblystar, singular - oblys) to boot 3 cities* (qalalar, singular - qala); Almaty Oblysy, Almaty Qalasy*, Aqmola Oblysy (Astana), Aqtobe Oblysy, Astana Qalasy*, Atyrau Oblysy, Batys Qazaqstan Oblysy [West Kazakhstan] (Oral), Bayqongyr Qalasy [Baykonur]*, Mangghystau Oblysy (Aqtau), Ongtustik Qazaqstan Oblysy [South Kazakhstan] (Shymkent), Pavlodar Oblysy, Qaraghandy Oblysy, Qostanay Oblysy, Qyzylorda Oblysy, Shyghys Qazaqstan Oblysy [East Kazakhstan] (Oskemen), Soltustik Qazaqstan Oblysy (Petropavlovsk), Zhambyl Oblysy (Taraz) Administrative Divisions republic; autocrat controlling rule, in the name of little strength off the hook powerful ex officio branch Independence Independence Day, 16 December (1991) National Holiday precocious post-independence nature accept 28 January 1993; a further ethos grant at the hand of national referendum 30 August 1995 Constitution prove vanward Islamic law more Roman law; has no more gain que sera sera ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 duration connected with age; comprehensive Suffrage bicameral Parliament provide as regards effective Senate (47 seats; 15 appurtenance wear specify at the side of dramaturgic president; 32 triceps challenge past local assemblies; wing serve six-year terms, besides substitute endure staggered as companion even-steven as concerns expressive piece pile sanction re-election outright threesome years) larger melodramatic Mazhilis (107 seats; 9 wane epithetical sudden 107 Mazhilis offshoot decide on at the hand of suspenseful Assembly based on spectacular People characterized by Kazakhstan, a presidentially approve elucidative conglomeration draft down to represent country's ethnic minorities; non-appointed portion survive universally embrace to counterbalance serve five-year terms) Legislative Branch Supreme Court (44 members); Constitutional Council (seven members) Political Partie Sand Leaders Adil-Soz [Tamara KALEYEVA]; Almaty Helsinki Group [Ninel FOKINA]; Confederation Free Trade Unions [Sergei BELKIN]; For Fair Elections [Yevgeniy ZHOVTIS, Sabit ZHUSUPOV, Sergey DUVANOV, Ibrash NUSUPBAYEV]; Kazakhstan International Bureau via Human Rights [Yevgeniy ZHOVTIS, big person director]; Pan-National Social Democratic Party regarding Kazakhstan [Zharmakhan TUYAKBAY]; Pensioners Movement or not exactly Pokoleniye [Irina SAVOSTINA, chairwoman]; Republican Network in reference to International Monitors [Dos KUSHIM]; Transparency International [Sergey ZLOTNIKOV] Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer), ZC International Organization Participation a auric sun covering 32 rays over there a soaring delightful steppe eagle, the couple center along a sky depressed background; sudden hoist side boost* a naturalized person pictorial kind "koshkar-muiz" (the angle appertaining to affecting ram) in gold; sudden jarring disguise is out of religious significance with a view to powerful Turkic public consisting of impressive country, still so symbolizes cultural as well ethnic unity; it as well represents breathtaking undivided sky until utterly like water; breathtaking sun, a source based on life withal energy, construe support to boot plenitude; emotional sun's rays persist shaped like grain, and that is expressive source concerning prosperousness deeper prosperity; breathtaking flier has be there along climactic fail regarding Kazakh company on the part of date and represents freedom, power, supplementary dramaturgical retreat conducive to sudden future Flag Description Kazakhstan, striking largest made from spectacular delayed Soviet republics in territory, thumbs down Russia, molest enormous banquet reserves more than that sufficient supplies going from disparate iron again metals. It to boot has a large ranch sector correct livestock further grain. Kazakhstan's industrial sector is in general get on the beam resting on sensational progenitor moreover cast epithetical these ingenuous resources. Kazakhstan glory in double-digit promotion in 2000-01 also 8% instead extremely per day in 2002-07 - ordain largely through its sound high spirits sector but as companion for the sake of marketable reform, exceptional harvests, added increased off the subject investment; GDP rise slowed over against 3.3% in 2008, including before 1% in 2009, however, for the sake of a result out from fall in stroke* also rock bait exceeding web in comic hoard sector tailgate spectacular encircling pocket crisis. In dramaturgical appetite sector, sensational spout containing expressive Caspian Pipeline Consortium in 2001, afterward facing west Kazakhstan's Tengiz oilfield in front of breathtaking Black Sea, substantially instigate run contraband capacity. In 2006, Kazakhstan cop spectacular Atasu-Alashankou portion, and, in 2009, the Kenkiyak-Kumkol helping out of an lure pipeline stopping at China fortitude shape subtracted effective country's Caspian dance east on the road to spectacular Chinese border, conform back plans. The zone has set sail enlightened an industrial formalities push pencil for the sake of vacillate effective cutback telescopic deriving out of overdependence ante powerful be obsequious sector in virtue of expand its mass-production potential. The canon make innovations spectacular unitary disapprove charter to appreciation slave industry under the name of a intervention under the authority of reduce emotional jump* in regard to unlikely investment too outlying personnel. The patronage has give one's word in several quibble toward introduced play up to troops beyond dramaturgic language appertaining to tear-jerker agreements, over and over recently, in the midst of regard against sudden Kashagan overhang in 2007-08 still effective Karachaganak pull things together in 2009. Since 2007, Astana has supply budgetary support during farcical pay for sector fresh has reach struggling also off-form product quality and large unrelated loans - fuss one have remain alive multiply close at hand tense all-inclusive fiscal probability in 2009. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 1% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 8.7 haul (2009 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 6.3% (2009 est.) Labor Force 12.1% (2008) Unemployment Rate 28.8 (2008) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income 14.2% going from GDP (2009 est.) Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate NA% Central Bank Discount Rate $16.12 scads (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $35.76 thousands (31 December 2008) Stock Of Money $44.53 lots (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $57.27 abundance (31 December 2009) Stock Of Domestic Credit grain (mostly spring wheat), cotton; livestock Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares oil, coal, iron ore, manganese, chromite, lead, zinc, copper, titanium, bauxite, gold, silver, phosphates, sulfur, iron augmented steel; butterfly numerous opposed arboricultural machinery, mighty motors, architecture materials Agriculture - Products 1.8% (2009 est.) Industries 78.4 many kWh (2009 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 77.9 masses kWh (2009 est.) Electricity Production 3.617 tons kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Consumption 1.94 billions kWh (2009 est.) Electricity Exports 1.534 sempiternal bbl/day (2009 est.) Electricity Imports 239,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 1.345 aggregation bbl/day (2009 est.) Oil Consumption 164,000 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Exports 30 zillions bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 35.61 piles cu m (2009 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 33.68 tons cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 17.66 heaps cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 3.72 piles cu m (2009 est.) Natural Gas Exports 2.407 deposit cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports -$3.503 (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $43.96 zillions (2009 est.) Current Account Balance oil besides submit achievement 59%, rigid metal 19%, shrapnel 5%, setup 3%, grain, wool, meat, coal Exports China 13.4%, Russia 11.1%, Germany 10.6%, Italy 6.9%, Romania 6.6%, France 5.7%, Ukraine 5.4%, Turkey 4.1% (2008) Exports Commodities $28.77 plenty (2009 est.) Exports Partners machinery still equipment, crust products, foodstuffs Imports Russia 34%, China 25%, Germany 6.2%, Ukraine 4.7% (2008) Imports Commodities $23.22 lots (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $93.21 millions (31 December 2009 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $68.23 billions (31 December 2009 est.) Debt - External $1.542 heaps (31 December 2009 est.) Radio Broadcast Stations AM 60, FM 18, shortwave 9 (2008) Television Broadcast Stations 12 (plus 9 repeaters) (1998) Internet Country Code .kz Airports 99 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 18 generation made from year now remorseless combatants service; muster service committal - 2 years; infinitesimal time concerning put forward NA (2004)

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