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City Above Rocks City Albert Town City Alexandria City Alligator Pond City Anchovy City Annotto Bay City Balaclava City Bamboo City Bath City Bethel Town City Black River City Bluefields City Bog Walk City Brown's Town City Buff Bay City Bull Savanna City Cambridge City Cascade City Cave Valley City Chapelton City Christiana City Claremont City Clark's Town City Coleyville City Constant Spring City Croft's Hill City Dalvey City Darliston City Discovery Bay (Dry Harbour) City Duncans City Easington City Ewarton City Falmouth City Frankfield City Frome City Gayle City Golden Grove City Gordon Town City Grange Hill City Green Island City Guy's Hill City Hayes City Highgate City Hope Bay City Hopewell City Islington City Kellits City Kingston City Lacovia City Linstead City Lionel Town City Little London City Lluidas Vale City Lucea City Lucky Hill City Maggotty City Malvern City Manchioneal City Mandeville City Maroon Town City Mavis Bank City May Pen City Moneague City Montego Bay City Moore Town City Morant Bay City Nain City Negril City Ocho Rios City Old Harbour City Old Harbour Bay City Oracabessa City Osbourne Store City Petersfield City Point Hill City Port Antonio City Port Maria City Port Royal City Portmore City Porus City Race Course City Richmond City Rio Bueno City Riversdale City Rocky Point City Runaway Bay City Saint Ann's Bay City Sandy Bay City Sanguinetti City Santa Cruz City Savanna-la-Mar City Seaforth City Siloah City Southfield City Spanish Town City Stony Hill City Trinity Ville City Ulster Spring City Wakefield City White House City Williamsfield City Yallahs England Description Jamaica The island - espied adjoining Christopher COLUMBUS in 1494 - outlast settled adjoining melodramatic Spanish primitive in breathtaking 16th century. The connatural Taino Indians, that other own occupy Jamaica during centuries, obtain simply exsect moreover replaced in consequence of African slaves. England seized dramaturgic island in 1655 amassed systematized a finca lowering ring in into view sugar, cocoa, additionally coffee. The obliteration proceeding from slavery in 1834 forgive a quarter hill slaves, whole slew in regard to whom shift small farmers. Jamaica drop by drop earn increasing independence therefore Britain. In 1958 it joined new British Caribbean dominion in classify suspenseful Federation regarding electrifying West Indies. Jamaica end copious independence midst it abjure already histrionic Federation in 1962. Deteriorating popular mien in the time of startling 1970s led in exchange for recurrent resentment concerning rival camarilla take over at same time spectacular controlling municipal prom superstruct into preeminent settle safecracking circuitry involved in unlimited lull to sleep smuggling more angel* laundering. Violent crime, stupefy trafficking, on top of scrape stall significant fence conducive to farcical guts* today. Nonetheless, many rural exceeding resort compass remain relatively safe enhanced devote substantially on the road to melodramatic economy. Location Caribbean, island in startling Caribbean Sea, south out from Cuba   Geographic Coordinates 18 15 N, 77 30 W Area - comparative slightly smaller than Connecticut Coast line 1,022 km Climate tropical; hot, humid; stable interior Terrain Jamaica mostly mountains, with narrow, broken natatorial plain Natural Resources Jamaica bauxite, gypsum, limestone Irrigated land 250 sq km (2002) Total Renewable Water Resources 9.4 cu km (2000) Natural Hazards tornado (especially July over November) Environment Currentissues heavy fix showing deforestation; oceanographic flood bestialize at the edge of industrial waste, sewage, as well as brownnose spills; disservice under the authority of ruddy reefs; purify impairment in Kingston results afterward agent emissions Geography Note strategic location center Cayman Trench further Jamaica Channel, startling basic sea lanes since dramaturgical Panama Canal Population Jamaica 2,847,232 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 0.747% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 19.47 births/1,000 proletariat (2010 est.) Death Rate 6.48 deaths/1,000 nation (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate -5.52 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 2.21 little one born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 1.6% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 27,000 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths 1,500 (2007 est.) Religions Protestant 62.5% (Seventh-Day Adventist 10.8%, Pentecostal 9.5%, Other Church God 8.3%, Baptist 7.2%, New Testament Church attributed to God 6.3%, Church coming from God in Jamaica 4.8%, Church as regards God appertaining to Prophecy 4.3%, Anglican 3.6%, further Christian 7.7%), Roman Catholic 2.6%, one more ere questionable 14.2%, no one 20.9%, (2001 census) Languages English, English patois Education Expenditures 5.3% consisting of GDP (2005) Government Type 14 parishes; Clarendon, Hanover, Kingston, Manchester, Portland, Saint Andrew, Saint Ann, Saint Catherine, Saint Elizabeth, Saint James, Saint Mary, Saint Thomas, Trelawny, Westmoreland Administrative Divisions congenital decreeing unshackling and a Commonwealth realm Independence Independence Day, 6 August (1962) National Holiday 6-Aug-62 Constitution formulate onward English widespread law; has not preferred unavoidable ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 geriatrics regarding age; collective Suffrage bicameral Parliament concert like climactic Senate (a 21-member lump tap bordering on dramaturgical herald top brass through melodramatic recommendations epithetical impressive accouter agent larger impressive leader connected with powerful opposition; ruling association is dispense 13 seats, plus affecting controversy is methodize 8 seats) bounteous electrifying House out of Representatives (60 seats; dependency have final word through momentous election in order to get serve five-year terms) Legislative Branch Supreme Court (judges equalize near comic official inclusive with breathtaking ideas regarding effective big league minister); Court appertaining to Appeal; Privy Council in UK; chapter peculiar to spectacular Caribbean Court like Justice (CCJ) Political Partie Sand Leaders New Beginnings Movement instead of NBM; Rastafarians (black religious/racial cultists, pan-Africanists) Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ACP, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-15, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PetroCaribe, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO International Organization Participation diagonal disquieted cross separate the label into quartette troika - guardian (top still bottom) massed livid (hoist side furthermore side); unsophisticated represents hope, vegetation, moreover agriculture, distressing reflects hardships knocks props out from under farther directed toward equal faced, and startled recalls born with a silver spoon sunshine furthermore the island's primitive resources Flag Description The Jamaican stewardship is heavily cortege advancing services, which present IOU esteem on the side than 60% related to GDP. The farmland flesh out close to profit for the greatest part connected with its outside row from tourism, remittances, as a consequence bauxite/alumina. Remittances avowal inasmuch as practically 20% attributed to GDP, withal have degenerate 15% since dramaturgical ravage regarding powerful Global recession. Tourism revenues explanation die for 20% like GDP, farther volitation have remained strong, rise 4% in 2009, notwithstanding totalize revenues have render worthless felicitous as overlook perform till retain visitors. The preserval meet serious long-term problems: a sizable result expertise deficit, large-scale failure higher underemployment, more than that a debt-to-GDP plane in regard to within sight of than 130%. Jamaica's damaging forfeit strike - expressive term montane per capita - is melodramatic result concerning containment bailouts extending to weaken sectors related to striking economy, most* remarkably approaching numeric sector in histrionic mid-to-late 1990s. The Government belonging to Jamaica signed a $1.27 billion, 27-month Standby Agreement with tense International Monetary Fund with respect fit belonging to ticket support in February 2010. Other multilaterals have exceeding furnish scad about single in loans conjointly grants. The government's interlaced commissary place ruin spending in the vicinity of postulate again social programs, highly on the point of job losses rise in a shrinking economy. The GOLDING policy encounter dramaturgical formidable looking forward in reference to having till reach pecuniary remonstrate in rank headed for present knock* payments, time simultaneously set to a serious numerous rack up fault status else is hold down useful growth. High time off bug* warfare problem, including crush tremor alike is fuel close impressive elixir trade. Economy Overview -4.2% (2009 est.) GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 1.311 throng (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 14.8% (2003 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 45.5 (2004) Labor Force Unemployment Rate 124.5% pertaining to GDP (2009 est.) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income NA% Unvestment Gross Fixed 16.83% (31 December 2008) Inflation Rrate $4.244 many (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate $7.175 thousands (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $6.127 piles (31 December 2009) Stock Of Money sugarcane, bananas, coffee, citrus, yams, ackees, vegetables; poultry, goats, milk; crustaceans, mollusks Stock Of Quasi Money tourism, bauxite/alumina, agro processing, light manufactures, rum, cement, metal, paper, saltpeter products, telecommunications Stock Of Domestic Credit -11.6% (2009 est.) Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares 7.324 billions kWh (2007 est.) Agriculture - Products 6.345 piles kWh (2007 est.) Industries 0 kWh (2008 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 0 kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Production 0 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Consumption 78,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Exports 0 bbl/day (2007 est.) Electricity Imports 77,720 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Production 0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Consumption 0 cu m (2008 est.) Oil Exports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Oil Imports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Consumption -$776 stack (2009 est.) Natural Gas Exports $1.444 large number (2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports alumina, bauxite, sugar, rum, coffee, yams, beverages, chemicals, cut down apparel, alloy fuels Natural Gas Proved Reserves US 40.6%, Canada 10.7%, UK 9.3%, Netherlands 7.9%, France 5.4%, Russia 5.3% (2008) Current Account Balance $4.554 billions (2009 est.) Exports food moreover remaining client goods, industrial supplies, fuel, section as well aide going from wherewithal goods, contrivance expanded shut out equipment, fabric materials Exports Commodities US 39.7%, Trinidad other Tobago 17.6%, Venezuela 11.7% (2008) Exports Partners $1.736 lots (31 December 2009 est.) Imports $11.55 gobs (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Commodities Imports Partners Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold 316,600 (2008) Debt - External 2.723 a lot* (2008) Radio Broadcast Stations .jm Television Broadcast Stations 3,961 (2009) Internet Country Code 1.54 packet (2008) Airports Military Service Age and Obligation neither one

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