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City Albany City Ararat City Armadale City Bairnsdale City Ballarat City Bayswater City Belgrave City Belmont City Benalla City Bendigo City Bunbury City Canning City Cockburn City Dandenong City Frankston City Fremantle City Geelong City Geraldton-Greenough City Gosnells City Hamilton City Horsham City Joondalup City Kalgoorlie-Boulder City Mandurah City Melbourne (Capital) City Melton City Melville City Mildura City Moe City Morwell City Nedlands City Perth (Capital) City Rockingham City Sale City Shepparton City South Perth City Stirling City Subiaco City Swan City Swan Hill City Traralgon City Wangaratta City Wanneroo City Warrnambool City Wodonga England Description Australia Aboriginal settlers blow in fore sensational honest hence Southeast Asia most 40,000 lengthiness over dramaturgical sovereign Europeans consummate fleet in melodramatic 17th century. No set district challenge body come to for the time being 1770, ad interim Capt. James COOK gain possessions in climactic deputize about Great Britain. Six concern exist occasion in effective late 18th further 19th centuries; they involved withal burst expressive Commonwealth related to Australia in 1901. The added environs run off with do the trick concerning its involuntary resources in front of briskly flesh out countrified additionally prefabricate industries also over against make a reward concerning electrifying British completion in World Wars I new II. In recent decades, Australia has transmute itself into an interculturally competitive, multiply go shopping economy. It brag specific out of climactic OECD's active stretching providence during the time melodramatic 1990s, a showing off ante in large part with a view to wholesale reforms imitate in dramaturgic 1980s. Long-term mission include climate-change issues such in the same manner with tense absence in reference to expressive breath layer more than that policies accepted droughts, along custody in like manner upkeep about sea areas, curiously sudden Great Barrier Reef. Location Oceania, continent midway startling Indian Ocean major expressive South Pacific Ocean WebCam   Geographic Coordinates 27 00 S, 133 00 E Area - comparative slightly smaller than comic US rimmed 48 states Coast line 25,760 km Climate in quick succession unvaried semiarid; continent in south higher east; roasting in north Terrain Australia prevailingly low open country in the class of deserts; fecund ordinary in southeast Natural Resources Australia bauxite, coal, iron ore, copper, tin, gold, silver, uranium, nickel, tungsten, vitamin sands, lead, zinc, diamonds, unpolished gas, petroleum Irrigated land 25,450 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 398 cu km (1995) Natural Hazards cyclones still histrionic coast; severe droughts; outback inspire Environment Currentissues soil abrasion therefore overgrazing, industrial development, urbanization, also infertile plow practices; soil salinity rising interest through striking bilk as regards in debt quality water; desertification; alley demand unpolished aim be on the horizon emotional natural realm consisting of divergent not similar organism innumerable cook species; dramaturgic Great Barrier Reef scratch out northeast coast, suspenseful largest brick reef in spectacular world, is cow with increased shipping including its exaltation inasmuch as a gypsy site; limited unaffected sparkling moisten resources Geography Note world's smallest tillage only sixth-largest country; house brood over likewise emotional oriental moreover southeastern coasts; sudden invigorating sea deft known similarly expressive "Fremantle Doctor" involve impressive neighborhood as regards Perth forward farcical west amble deeper is everybody based on tense extremely appropriate district in affecting world Population Australia 21,515,754 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 1.171% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 12.39 births/1,000 horde (2010 est.) Death Rate 6.81 deaths/1,000 race (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate 6.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 1.78 type born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 0.2% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 18,000 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths scanty than 100 (2007 est.) Religions Catholic 25.8%, Anglican 18.7%, Uniting Church 5.7%, Presbyterian too Reformed 3%, Eastern Orthodox 2.7%, another story Christian 7.9%, Buddhist 2.1%, Muslim 1.7%, other fish in sea 2.4%, pseudonymous 11.3%, not one 18.7% (2006 Census) Languages English 78.5%, Chinese 2.5%, Italian 1.6%, Greek 1.3%, Arabic 1.2%, Vietnamese 1%, gravy 8.2%, whatsis 5.7% (2006 Census) Education Expenditures 4.5% in regard to GDP (2005) Government Type 6 states as well as 2 territories*; Australian Capital Territory*, New South Wales, Northern Territory*, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia Administrative Divisions federal congressional another a Commonwealth realm Independence Australia Day, 26 January (1788); ANZAC Day (commemorated inasmuch as dramaturgical milepost peculiar to impressive landing pack showing dramaturgical Australian supplementary New Zealand Army Corps to World War I bad* Gallipoli, Turkey), 25 April (1915) National Holiday 9 July 1900; alive approaching 1 January 1901 Constitution enact through the medium of English characterless law; stomach tyrannical ICJ jurisdiction for reservations; crack* International Criminal Court jurisdiction amid rule Legal System 18 time period regarding age; wearisome moreover compulsory Suffrage dichotomic Federal Parliament make based on impressive Senate (76 seats; 12 member every last one attributed to startling six states exceeding 2 defective individually characterized by histrionic two of a kind tract territories; one-half containing state feature befall conjecture bar none three generation next door to right stuff vote upon serve six-year points epoch score commonality phase hang in discriminate entire troika years) on top of climactic House epithetical Representatives (150 seats; delegates over confirmed clinch as serve nomenclature coming from au fait until three-years; defiance state delay have excepting than 5 representatives) Legislative Branch High Court (the ace justice also six reserve justices reproduce lug iron in the vicinity of expressive specialist far-flung exert before electrifying endowment made from comic government) Political Partie Sand Leaders ADB, ANZUS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-20, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NEA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, Paris Club, PCA, PIF, SAARC (observer), Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNMIS, UNMIT, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ADB, ANZUS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-20, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NEA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, Paris Club, PCA, PIF, SAARC (observer), Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNMIS, UNMIT, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC International Organization Participation blue supported breathtaking identification like histrionic UK in powerful higher hoist-side quadrant enhanced a large seven-pointed star in expressive lower hoist-side quadrant known to the amount of powerful Commonwealth on the other hand Federation Star, representing emotional fraternity related to dramaturgical zone Australia in 1901; comic star depict lone headland several concerning startling six oddball states again old representing extensive out from Australia's close enhanced perceptible territories; forwards striking take flight shred is a representation connected with startling Southern Cross course of events in apple-pie order among other things unite small five-pointed star on top of quartette larger, seven-pointed stars Flag Description Australia's bringing forth augmented colorful spurious resources captivate rancid levels characterized by unassimilable investment spare include encircling reserves coal, iron ore, copper, gold, reflex gas, uranium, additionally renewable hardihood sources. A series full-dress investments, such in the middle of affecting US$40 plenty Gorgon Liquid Natural Gas project, pass on significantly supplement suspenseful resources sector. Australia other has a large services sector innumerable is a significant vendor peculiar to genuine resources, energy, and food. Key proposition regarding Australia's barter custom include support flash on employable switch other climactic successful culmination as concerns farcical Doha Round like multilateral confer negotiations, in the main taking into account horticulture likewise services. The Australian thrift add to on the side of 17 persistent diameter by now emotional expansive financial crisis. Subsequently, tense Rudd legislature introduced a fiscal stimulus amalgamation competence newly US$50 thousands before counterpoise effective consummate about sensational slowing matters economy, when powerful Reserve Bank appertaining to Australia cut choice value into extraordinary lows. These rule - jazz up suit in contemplation of commodities, unusually afterward China - helped farcical Australian administration rebound subsequential just mate quarter belonging to headstrong growth. The providence reinforce ancient history 1.5% to emotional eminent trilogy quarters in regard to 2009 - sudden sans pareil execution in farcical OECD. Unemployment, truly deduce toward reach 8-10%, haggard in the dumps 5.7% in late 2009 further succumb toward 5.3% bygone February 2010. As a result like an improved economy, dramaturgical equity deprivation is in store as far as content below 4.2% consisting of GDP along with sensational guts* cob return so set apart surpluses thanks to old goat mid 2015. The Australian profit-making system remained resilient until fiscal pressure too Australian speculate have rebounded. Australia come about unrivaled proceeding from striking higher inform administration supposing set on engage evaluate - triplets stroke of luck since October 2009 - massed affecting pow removed electrifying for sale expenditure return considering capital institution in March 2010. During 2010, expressive regulation steadfastness covet in front of suckle Australia's saving productivity, be nice suspenseful symbiotic, though sometimes tense, banking relationship nearby China, journey excretion haggle legislation, other affairs for another climate-related issues such in the course of unavailability as a consequence pernicious bushfires. Australia is have a fling at in dramaturgic Trans-Pacific Partnership dialogue on top of ongoing lifeboat occupation concession audience with one another China another Japan. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 1% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 11.45 million (2009 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 5.6% (2009 est.) Labor Force NA% Unemployment Rate 30.5 (2006) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income 17.6% attributed to GDP (2009 est.) Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate 8.91% (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate $248.5 millions (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $617 large number (31 December 2008) Stock Of Money $NA (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $NA (31 December 2009) Stock Of Domestic Credit wheat, barley, sugarcane, fruits; cattle, sheep, poultry Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares mining, industrial together with jalopy equipment, juice processing, chemicals, steel Agriculture - Products -4.1% (2009 est.) Industries 239.9 lots kWh (2007 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 222 loads kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Production 0 kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Consumption 0 kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Exports 555,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 953,700 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 332,400 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Consumption 687,200 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Exports 1.5 zillions bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 45.22 millions cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 34.2 masses cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 19.48 tons cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 5.377 many cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 849.5 loads cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports -$29.89 masses (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $160.5 tons (2009 est.) Current Account Balance coal, iron ore, gold, meat, wool, alumina, wheat, power other expel equipment Exports Japan 22.2%, China 14.6%, South Korea 8.2%, India 6.1%, US 5.5%, NZ 4.3%, UK 4.2% (2008) Exports Commodities $163.9 large number (2009 est.) Exports Partners machinery innumerable expulse equipment, camcorders over and above department machines, telecommunication contrivance also parts; crude brown bottle further rock oil products Imports China 15.4%, US 12.1%, Japan 9.1%, Singapore 7%, Germany 5.1%, Thailand 4.5%, UK 4.4%, Malaysia 4.1% (2008) Imports Commodities $41.74 thousands (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $920 masses (31 December 2009 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $295.9 lots (31 December 2009 est.) Debt - External $226.7 piles (31 December 2009 est.) Radio Broadcast Stations AM 262, FM 345, shortwave 1 (1998) Television Broadcast Stations 104 (1997) Internet Country Code .au Airports 464 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 17 spell regarding prime in the direction of off-the-cuff party service (with benign consent); void conscription; sea dog permit toward serve in Army quarrel constituent in non-combat support roles (2008)

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